Tag: Cognitive Biases
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Dark Tetrad
The Dark Tetrad refers to four malevolent personality traits—Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy, and Sadism. Historically grounded and individually unique, they collectively spotlight behaviors marked by a disregard for others.
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Perception is Projection
The principle of “Perception is Projection” emphasizes that personal beliefs and experiences shape one’s interpretation of the external world. Drawing from foundational psychological theories, especially those of Carl Jung, it highlights the intertwined relationship between inner states and outward perceptions.
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Common Knowledge
Common knowledge is information presumed known within a specific group, aiding in effective communication and social cohesion. It varies by cultural, professional, and universal contexts, and is influenced by education, media, and social networks.
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FUD – Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt
Introduced in the computer sector during the 1970s, FUD stands for Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt. This tactic, designed to exploit human risk aversion, has expanded globally, shaping views in finance, politics, and health. Combatting its effects requires a commitment to transparent information dissemination and consistent fact-checking.
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Russell Conjugation
Russell Conjugation demonstrates how word choice affects emotional interpretation without altering factual content. Prominent in media and politics, its understanding is key to deciphering subtle biases and maintaining informed perspectives in various sectors of society.
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Schelling Point
In game theory, a Schelling point describes an intuitive focal solution people gravitate towards without direct communication. Named after its progenitor, economist Thomas Schelling, its reach extends to realms like negotiations, economics, and international affairs, driven by common societal frameworks and references.
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Steel-manning
Steel-manning is a debate technique where one strengthens an opposing argument before addressing it, promoting understanding and intellectual honesty. It enhances critical thinking and encourages productive debate, though it can unintentionally amplify harmful ideas.