Tag: Epistemology
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Techne vs. Episteme
Stemming from Greek thought, Techne refers to hands-on skills and craftsmanship, while Episteme denotes theoretical understanding and universal truths, distinguishing two foundational types of knowledge.
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The Uninitiated
The term “Uninitiated” historically referred to individuals not introduced to religious rituals or ceremonies. In contemporary contexts, its meaning has broadened to denote those unfamiliar with specific subjects or practices in various fields, distinguishing them from the “initiated” who possess domain-specific knowledge.
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As-If
Originating from the works of philosopher Hans Vaihinger, the “As-If” approach facilitates the analysis of complex systems using hypothetical scenarios. This methodology, while not always reflecting true conditions, aids in rendering intricate concepts more comprehensible.
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Flying by Instruments
In instrument flight, pilots utilize onboard instruments for navigation, especially crucial in challenging conditions where external visuals are limited or obscured. As aviation evolved, this method, driven by both the need for safety and advancements in technology, necessitated rigorous training to ensure pilot proficiency.
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Adding Epicycles
In scientific modeling, adding epicycles refers to augmenting a model’s structure to accommodate unexplained data. This practice, which has its roots in ancient geocentric theories of astronomy, often compromises both the model’s simplicity and its predictive accuracy.
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Shibboleth
Shibboleths are specialized identifiers, linguistic, cultural, or technical, that distinguish members within specific groups. Originating from historical linguistic tests, they have evolved to serve critical roles in modern contexts ranging from military identification to social customs, effectively managing inclusion and exclusion.
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Esoteric vs. Exoteric
Esoteric knowledge is reserved for select individuals, emphasizing depth and inner transformation, often transmitted through symbols and allegories. In contrast, exoteric knowledge is outward-facing, catering to the general public, and relies on standardized texts and doctrines. Many traditions meld both approaches, reflecting a spectrum of knowledge dissemination in society.
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Common Knowledge
Common knowledge is information presumed known within a specific group, aiding in effective communication and social cohesion. It varies by cultural, professional, and universal contexts, and is influenced by education, media, and social networks.
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Pure vs. Applied Research
Pure research seeks to expand fundamental knowledge, driven by curiosity, while applied research is designed to solve practical problems with immediate applications. Both are crucial for knowledge advancement and interact to inform each other.