Tag: Moral Hazard
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Goodhart’s Law
Coined by Charles Goodhart, the principle “When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure” highlights the unintended repercussions of emphasizing a singular metric. Originating from monetary policy observations, the principle reveals how entities adjust their behaviors in response to metrics becoming primary objectives across diverse sectors.
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Negative Externalities
Economic activities can impose unaccounted-for costs on society, known as negative externalities. These inefficiencies often lead to government interventions and have widespread implications, affecting issues as significant as climate change and public health.
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Adverse Selection
Adverse selection happens when one party in a deal knows more than the other, leading to unfair outcomes. This can be a big issue in areas like insurance, loans, and used car sales. While there are strategies to manage it, unchecked adverse selection can cause market problems and privacy concerns.
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Information Asymmetry
Information asymmetry is when one group knows more than another during a deal or interaction, which can tilt the balance of power. This can lead to unfair transactions, market issues, and power imbalances in areas such as finance, health, politics, and education, impacting decision-making and overall fairness.
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Moral Hazard
Moral hazard refers to situations where a party takes on riskier behavior because they’re shielded from the consequences. It often occurs in insurance, finance, and healthcare, potentially leading to market inefficiencies and higher costs. Strategies exist to mitigate it.
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Principal-Agent Problem
The Principal-Agent Problem occurs when a person (the principal) hires someone else (the agent) to act for them, but the agent may not always act in the principal’s best interest due to differing information or motives. Solutions involve creating better incentives and transparency.